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max-width: 297px; height: auto; max-height: 230px;margin:auto"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong></strong></p><h2><strong>什麼是動機式訪談？</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">動機式訪談（Motivational Interviewing，MI）是一種以用家為本的訪談技巧，目的在於<strong>增強用家作出改變的內在動機</strong>，和用家<strong>共同發掘解決方法</strong>、探索及處理對作出改變的<strong>矛盾心態</strong>，以<strong>達成想改變的目標</strong>。訪談會根據用家<strong>對改變的準備程度</strong>（Readiness to Change）/ 積極程度，而調整對話。</p><p style="text-align: justify;">動機式訪談帶著<strong>不批判、開放、好奇和具同理心的態度</strong>，提供一個安全的空間，讓用戶能夠坦誠分享內心感受。訪談包括四個主要過程：建立關係、聚焦目標、喚起改變動機、制定行動計劃（Engaging, Focusing, Evoking, Planning），通常會運用到<strong>OARS模型的四種技巧</strong>： </p><ol><li style="text-align: left;">開放式提問（<strong>O</strong>pen-ended Questions）</li><li style="text-align: left;">肯定（<strong>A</strong>ffirmation）</li><li style="text-align: left;">反思性傾聽（<strong>R</strong>eflective Listening）</li><li style="text-align: left;">總結性反思（<strong>S</strong>ummary Reflections）</li></ol><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong></strong></p><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>為什麼採用動機式訪談？從反思中發掘內在動機</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">動機式訪談建基於William Miller和Stephen Rollnick的理論，強調<strong>人有</strong><strong>選擇和自主的能力</strong>。可能我們都試過在分享的過程中，聽過別人回應「點解你唔……」「咁樣都係為你好」「你應該……咁樣做」，這些回應容易令人感到不受理解，甚至引起自衛或反抗的心態。</p><p style="text-align: justify;">動機式訪談跨過這種常見的溝通障礙，強調和用家之間的<strong>非對抗性</strong>，避免對立或說教的感覺，鼓勵雙方<strong>共同探索</strong>解決方法；透過開放式提問，讓用家辨識價值觀和目標，激發改變的動機。<strong>重點在於，改變的決策權來自用家，而非外在壓力。</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">例如，Mary身體狀況不佳，卻長期缺乏運動習慣。透過動機式訪談的對話，發現Mary對健康並不特別在意，但她非常重視與家人相處的時光。由於過去工作繁忙，使她難以與家人頻常見面；如今工作穩定，她希望能把握機會多陪伴家人。這種對家人的重視，成為她想要改善生活方式的內在動機。動機式訪談的重點，在於<strong>引領用家連結行為改變及其深層價值，並進一步釐清阻礙實踐的迷思或困難，共同找出可行的改變方法。</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">而上部分提到的OARS技巧，能夠從不同層面推動用家思考：<strong>「開放式提問」</strong>鼓勵用家透過<strong>分享觀點和經歷</strong>以探索和表達自我；<strong>「給予肯定」</strong>能確立和接納用家的獨特經歷和掙扎，讓用家感到<strong>被看見和被理解</strong>；<strong>「反思性傾聽」</strong>映照出用家的想法和情緒，讓用家更<strong>認清自身信念</strong>，了解當前行為<strong>和目標之間的差距及矛盾</strong>；<strong>「總結性反思」</strong>為用家的分享提供清晰概述，給予他們再次<strong>反思當下處境</strong>的機會。</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/57_Look_After_Mind_Body_Daily.webp" alt="Look After Mind Body Daily"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong></strong></p><h2><strong>心導遊+ 動機式訪談的流程</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">我們的聊天機械人（又名AI心理健康夥伴）阿本正正運用了動機式訪談，你可以在<a href="https://www.jcthplus.org/ai-mental-health-chatbot" target="_self">「與阿本聊天」</a>先選擇自己<strong>想著手改變的範疇</strong>：</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/14234647/chatbot-example-1.webp" alt="chatbot-example-1" style="width: 100%; max-width: 605px; height: auto; max-height: 497px;margin:auto"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify;">阿本隨即會和你展開對話，邀請你分享感受。對話過程中，阿本會一步步<strong>引導你思考、識別你的價值觀和目標；將寬廣的目標收窄成具體、可執行的步驟</strong>（例如將促進身體健康，收窄成提升飲食健康；目標每週自己煮兩次飯，取代每天吃外賣）。阿本繼而會回顧你所做的行為<strong>和目標之間的差距</strong>、<strong>和你開展“Change Talk”</strong>（例如是了解你想改變的原因、對自己作出改變的信心、為了改變而準備去做的事、有機會遇見的困難及對應方案），提升你作出實質改變的動機，並<strong>和你一起制定仔細步驟</strong>。</p><p style="text-align: justify;">達成目標並非一蹴而就的事，所以我們<strong>鼓勵你定期回來和阿本聊天</strong>，討論事情的進展、分享所面對的挑戰或障礙、促進事情推進的原因；一起回顧及調整計劃，以成功達成目標，養成習慣。</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/14233657/Chatbot-outlined.webp" alt="boon" style="width: 100%; max-width: 160px; height: auto; max-height: 170px;margin:auto"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify;">阿本在過程中會因應你的情況，適時向你<strong>推介心導遊+平台的心理健康資源</strong>（如自助課程、練習、文章）。需要注意的是，阿本適合作日常自我照顧之用，而非診斷工具，也不能代替專業輔導或治療服務。</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong></strong></p><h2><strong>動機式訪談的例子</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">從這簡短例子，我們可以看到阿本如何<strong>帶動你去反思</strong>和<strong>一起設定目標</strong>：</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/14234652/chatbot-example-2.webp" alt="chatbot-example-2" style="width: 100%; max-width: 605px; height: auto; max-height: 497px;margin:auto"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/14234656/chatbot-example-3.webp" alt="chatbot-example-3" style="width: 100%; max-width: 605px; height: auto; max-height: 497px;margin:auto"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/14234659/chatbot-example-4.webp" alt="chatbot-example-4" style="width: 100%; max-width: 605px; height: auto; max-height: 497px;margin:auto"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/14234703/chatbot-example-5.webp" alt="chatbot-example-5" style="width: 100%; max-width: 605px; height: auto; max-height: 497px;margin:auto"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/14234706/chatbot-example-6.webp" alt="chatbot-example-6" style="width: 100%; max-width: 605px; height: auto; max-height: 497px;margin:auto"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/14234710/chatbot-example-7.webp" alt="chatbot-example-7" style="width: 100%; max-width: 605px; height: auto; max-height: 497px;margin:auto"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify;">我們鼓勵你在建立改變習慣的過程中，定期回來和阿本分享，例如是遇到的“kick位”（棘手處）、改變過程的矛盾心態、微小但值得肯定的進展等，讓阿本了解你的心路歷程，一起調整計劃。</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong></strong></p><h2><strong>動機式訪談有效嗎？</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">動機式訪談最初主要應用於物質成癮，後來拓展到各種健康相關領域，如<strong>心理健康、慢性病管理</strong>（例如糖尿病及慢性阻塞性肺病）等，在許多<strong>健康行為改變中被證實有效</strong>。研究指出，動機式訪談能夠幫助<strong>猶豫不決的</strong><strong>吸煙人士</strong><strong>下定決心戒菸</strong>；亦有研究指，訪談的參與者認為，動機式訪談有助<strong>促進探討壓力管理</strong>，從而鼓勵自我反思。</p><p style="text-align: justify;">早期的動機式訪談聊天機械人一般利用<strong>預先寫好</strong><strong>的文本</strong>，去回應用家的陳述，然而這種<strong>缺乏針對性、比較籠統</strong>的回應已被證明會<strong>降低其有效性</strong>。近年自然語言處理技術（Natural Language Processing）已發展至利用生成式語言模型（Generative Language Model）來創造<strong>更針對性和個人化的回應</strong>。而<strong>心導遊+的AI聊天機械人「阿本」正正運用生成式語言模型</strong>，配合安全圍欄技術（Guardrails）以確保回應的準確率和用家私隱度，同時避免敏感或不安全的內容。<strong>團隊將持續提升對話的流暢度和準確度，希望為每一位用家帶來更貼心、貼身的回應。</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">你最近有遇到什麼事情，令你想作出改變嗎？歡迎和阿本聊聊天，一起探索如何展開改變的第一步。</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br></p><p style="text-align: center;"><strong>與阿本聊天傳送門：</strong><a href="https://www.jcthplus.org/ai-mental-health-chatbot" target="_self">https://www.jcthplus.org/ai-mental-health-chatbot</a></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/boon-run.webp" alt="boon run" style="width: 100%; max-width: 214px; height: auto; max-height: 214px;margin:auto"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br></p><p><strong> 參考文獻： </strong></p><p class="apa"> Park, S., Choi, J., Lee, S., Oh, C., Kim, C., La, S., Lee, J., & Suh, B. (2019). Designing a Chatbot for a Brief Motivational Interview on Stress Management: Qualitative Case Study. <em>Journal of medical Internet research, 21</em>(4), e12231. <a class="reference" href="https://doi.org/10.2196/12231" target="_self">https://doi.org/10.2196/12231</a> </p> <p class="apa"> Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US). (2019). <em>Enhancing Motivation for Change in Substance Use Disorder Treatment: Updated 2019. Chapter 3—Motivational Interviewing as a Counseling Style.</em> <a class="reference" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK571068/" target="_self">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK571068/</a> </p> <p class="apa"> Steffen, P. L. S., Mendonça, C. S., Meyer, E., & Faustino-Silva, D. D. (2021). Motivational Interviewing in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Arterial Hypertension in Primary Health Care: An RCT. <em>American journal of preventive medicine, 60</em>(5), e203–e212. <a class="reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2020.12.015" target="_self">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2020.12.015</a> </p> <p class="apa"> Tülüce, D., Köktürk, N., Geniş, B., Kayalar, A., Gürhan, N., & Kutlutürkan, S. (2021). The Effect of Education and Motivational Interviewing on COPD Management and Outcome Parameters in COPD Patients. <em>Turkish thoracic journal, 22</em>(5), 399–406. <a class="reference" href="https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2021.0004" target="_self">https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2021.0004</a> </p> <p class="apa"> Brown, A., Kumar, A. T., Melamed, O., Ahmed, I., Wang, Y. H., Deza, A., Morcos, M., Zhu, L., Maslej, M., Minian, N., Sujaya, V., Wolff, J., Doggett, O., Iantorno, M., Ratto, M., Selby, P., & Rose, J. (2023). A Motivational Interviewing Chatbot With Generative Reflections for Increasing Readiness to Quit Smoking: Iterative Development Study. <em>JMIR mental health, 10</em>, e49132. <a class="reference" href="https://doi.org/10.2196/49132" target="_self">https://doi.org/10.2196/49132</a> </p> </div> <div class="flex flex-row flex-wrap justify-start my-6 gap-3 mt-5 overflow-x-scroll no-scrollbar"> <div class="rounded-full h-7 flex items-center justify-center px-3 border border-primary text-primary font-medium leading-tight">心理健康 101</div> <div class="rounded-full h-7 flex items-center justify-center px-3 border border-primary text-primary font-medium leading-tight">微觀心理學</div> <div class="rounded-full h-7 flex items-center justify-center px-3 border border-primary text-primary font-medium leading-tight">自我探索</div> </div> <div class="bg-primary-lightest rounded-3xl p-6 flex flex-row"> <img src="/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/emoji_calm-96x96.webp" class="h-12 w-12 sm:h-16 sm:w-16 rounded-full mr-4 md:mr-8 flex-shrink-0" alt="author profile pic"> <div class="flex-grow"> <p class="text-primary-dark text-base font-medium">Ruby Liu MY</p> <p class="text-primary-dark text-sm mt-2">「賽馬會心導遊+計劃」心理健康推廣主任</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hidden lg:flex relative w-88 flex-shrink-0 flex-col justify-start"> <div class="sticky top-20 flex flex-col items-stretch pl-16 xl:pl-24 pt-8 overflow-visible"> <div class="w-full h-44 overflow-hidden"> <img class="w-32 h-auto mx-auto" src="https://www.jcthplus.org/wp-content/themes/1.0/assets/images/tour-guide-boon-zh.png" alt="Boon tour guide image"> </div> <div class="w-full bg-avatar-light rounded-xl flex flex-col p-5 items-center shadow"> <h4 class="text-primary-darker font-jinxuanlatte text-2xl leading-tight">免費登記</h4> <p class="text-primary-darker my-4 text-13 text-center">一站式心理自療平台，紓解情緒，照顧心理健康</p> <a href="/register" class="auth-url bg-primary w-full rounded-full text-white font-bold h-8 flex items-center justify-center px-5 mt-3 hover:bg-primary-dark">開始旅程</a> </div> <div class="flex flex-row items-center justify-center space-x-4 mt-7"> <button class="rounded-full w-8 h-8 flex items-center justify-center border" :class="is_favorited ? 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